rhino
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---
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title: Java + Rhino
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pagination_prev: demos/cli
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pagination_next: demos/clipboard
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---
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Rhino is an ES3+ engine in Java.
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The [Standalone scripts](/docs/getting-started/installation/standalone) can be
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parsed and evaluated in a Rhino context.
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This demo wraps workbooks and sheets into separate Java classes. The final
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result is a JAR.
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:::caution
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Rhino does not support Uint8Array, so certain formats like NUMBERS cannot be
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parsed or written from Rhino JS code!
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:::
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## Integration Details
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:::note
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Due to code generation errors, optimization must be turned off:
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```java
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Context context = Context.enter();
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context.setOptimizationLevel(-1);
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```
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:::
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Binary strings can be passed back and forth.
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_Initialize Rhino_
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Rhino does not provide a `global` variable. It can be created:
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```java
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Context cx = Context.enter();
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Scriptable scope = cx.initStandardObjects();
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/* Disable optimization */
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cx.setOptimizationLevel(-1);
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/* Initialize `global` variable */
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// highlight-start
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String s = "var global = (function(){ return this; }).call(null);";
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cx.evaluateString(scope, s, "<cmd>", 1, null);
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// highlight-end
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```
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_Load SheetJS Scripts_
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The main library can be loaded by reading the scripts from the Java Archive and
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evaluating in the Rhino context:
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```java
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/* pull source from JAR */
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String s = new Scanner(
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SheetJS.class.getResourceAsStream("/xlsx.full.min.js")
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).useDelimiter("\\Z").next();
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/* evaluate */
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cx.evaluateString(scope, s, "<cmd>", 1, null);
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```
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To confirm the library is loaded, `XLSX.version` can be inspected:
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```swift
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/* get handle to XLSX */
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Object XLSX = scope.get("XLSX", scope);
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if(XLSX == Scriptable.NOT_FOUND) throw new Exception("XLSX not found");
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/* get the version string */
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String version = ((NativeObject)XLSX).get("version", scope).toString();
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System.out.println("SheetJS version " + version);
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```
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### Reading Files
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A binary string can be generated from a `byte` array:
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```java
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static String read_file(String file) throws IOException {
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/* read file -> array of bytes */
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byte[] b = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(file));
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/* construct binary string */
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StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
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for(int i = 0; i < b.length; ++i) sb.append(Character.toString((char)(b[i] < 0 ? b[i] + 256 : b[i])));
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return sb.toString();
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}
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```
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This string can be loaded into the JS engine and processed:
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```java
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/* options argument */
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String os = "q = {'type':'binary', 'WTF':1};";
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NativeObject o = (NativeObject)cx.evaluateString(scope, os, "<cmd>", 2, null);
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/* set up function arguments */
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String data = read_file(path_to_file);
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Object args[] = {data, o};
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/* call read -> wb workbook */
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NativeObject nXLSX = (NativeObject)XLSX;
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Function readfunc = (Function)XLSX.get("read", scope);
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NativeObject wb = (NativeObject)readfunc.call(cx, scope, nXLSX, args);
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```
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`wb` will be a reference to the JS workbook object.
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## Complete Example
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:::note
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This demo was tested on 2023 February 14 using Rhino 1.7.14.
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:::
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0) Ensure Java is installed. Create a folder for the project, download the
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[JAR](https://github.com/mozilla/rhino/releases/download/Rhino1_7_14_Release/rhino-1.7.14.jar)
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and rename to `rhino.jar`:
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```bash
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mkdir sheetjs-java
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cd sheetjs-java
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curl -L -o rhino.jar https://github.com/mozilla/rhino/releases/download/Rhino1_7_14_Release/rhino-1.7.14.jar
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```
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1) Download the standalone script and the test file:
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<ul>
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<li><a href={`https://cdn.sheetjs.com/xlsx-latest/package/dist/xlsx.full.min.js`}>xlsx.full.min.js</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://sheetjs.com/pres.xlsx">pres.xlsx</a></li>
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</ul>
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```bash
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curl -LO https://cdn.sheetjs.com/xlsx-latest/package/dist/xlsx.full.min.js
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curl -LO https://sheetjs.com/pres.xlsx
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```
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2) Download [`SheetJSRhino.zip`](pathname:///rhino/SheetJSRhino.zip) and unzip
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```bash
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curl -LO https://docs.sheetjs.com/rhino/SheetJSRhino.zip
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unzip SheetJSRhino.zip
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```
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3) Save the following code to `SheetJSRhino.java`:
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```java title="SheetJSRhino.java"
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/* sheetjs (C) 2013-present SheetJS -- https://sheetjs.com */
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/* vim: set ts=2: */
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import com.sheetjs.SheetJS;
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import com.sheetjs.SheetJSFile;
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import com.sheetjs.SheetJSSheet;
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public class SheetJSRhino {
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public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
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try {
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SheetJS sjs = new SheetJS();
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/* open file */
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SheetJSFile xl = sjs.read_file(args[0]);
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/* get sheetnames */
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String[] sheetnames = xl.get_sheet_names();
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System.err.println(sheetnames[0]);
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/* convert to CSV */
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SheetJSSheet sheet = xl.get_sheet(0);
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String csv = sheet.get_csv();
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System.out.println(csv);
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} catch(Exception e) { throw e; } finally { SheetJS.close(); }
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}
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}
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```
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4) Assemble `SheetJS.jar` from the demo code:
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```bash
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javac -cp .:rhino.jar SheetJSRhino.java
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jar -cf SheetJS.jar SheetJSRhino.class com/sheetjs/*.class xlsx.full.min.js
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```
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5) Test the program:
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```bash
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java -cp .:SheetJS.jar:rhino.jar SheetJSRhino pres.xlsx
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```
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If successful, a CSV will be printed to console.
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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---
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title: Ruby Bindings
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title: Ruby + Bindings
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pagination_prev: demos/cli
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pagination_next: demos/clipboard
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---
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@ -115,66 +115,10 @@ cpan install JE
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curl -LO https://cdn.sheetjs.com/xlsx-latest/package/dist/xlsx.extendscript.js
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```
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3) Save the following to `SheetJE.pl`:
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3) Download the demo [`SheetJE.pl`](pathname:///perl/SheetJE.pl):
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```perl title="SheetJE.pl"
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use JE;
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use File::Slurp;
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use MIME::Base64 qw( encode_base64 );
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## Initialize
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say STDERR "Initializing Engine";
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my $je = new JE;
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$je->eval("var global = (function(){ return this; }).call(null);");
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$je->eval(<<'EOF');
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Number.prototype.charCodeAt = function(n) { return this + 48; };
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var string = ""; for(var i = 0; i < 256; ++i) string += String.fromCharCode(i);
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String.prototype.charCodeAt = function(n) {
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var result = string.indexOf(this.charAt(n));
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if(result == -1) throw this.charAt(n);
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return result;
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};
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String.prototype.old_match = String.prototype.match;
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String.prototype.match = function(p) {
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var result = this.old_match(p);
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return (Array.isArray(result) && result.length == 0) ? null : result;
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};
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EOF
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## Load SheetJS source
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say STDERR "Loading SheetJS Library";
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my $src = read_file('xlsx.extendscript.js', { binmode => ':raw' });
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$src =~ s/^\xEF\xBB\xBF//;
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my $XLSX = $je->eval($src);
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## Set up conversion method
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$je->eval(<<'EOF');
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function sheetjsparse(data) { try {
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return XLSX.read(String(data), {type: "base64", WTF:1});
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} catch(e) { return String(e); } }
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function sheetjscsv(wb) { try {
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var ws = wb.Sheets[wb.SheetNames[0]];
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return XLSX.utils.sheet_to_csv(ws);
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} catch(e) { return String(e); } }
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function sheetjswrite(wb) { try {
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return XLSX.write(wb, { WTF:1, bookType: "fods", type: "string" });
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} catch(e) { return String(e); } }
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EOF
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## Read file
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say STDERR "Parsing " . $ARGV[0];
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my $raw_data = encode_base64(read_file($ARGV[0], { binmode => ':raw' }), "");
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$workbook = $je->method(sheetjsparse => $raw_data);
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## Convert to CSV
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say STDERR "Converting to CSV";
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my $csv_data = $je->method(sheetjscsv => $workbook);
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print $csv_data;
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## Write to SheetJE.fods
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say STDERR "Writing to SheetJE.fods";
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my $fods = $je->method(sheetjswrite => $workbook);
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write_file("SheetJE.fods", $fods);
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```bash
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curl -LO https://docs.sheetjs.com/perl/SheetJE.pl
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```
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4) Download a test file and run:
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@ -301,72 +301,9 @@ If successful, the script will generate `SheetJSQuick.xlsx`.
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### Rhino
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Rhino is an ES3+ engine in Java. The `SheetJSRhino` class and `com.sheetjs`
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package show a complete JAR deployment, including the full XLSX source.
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Rhino is an ES3+ engine in Java.
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Due to code generation errors, optimization must be turned off:
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```java
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Context context = Context.enter();
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context.setOptimizationLevel(-1);
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```
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<details><summary><b>Complete Example</b> (click to show)</summary>
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0) Download the appropriate Rhino build and rename to `rhino.jar`
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1) Download [`SheetJSRhino.zip`](pathname:///rhino/SheetJSRhino.zip) and unzip
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2) Save the following code to `SheetJSRhino.java`:
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```java title="SheetJSRhino.java"
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/* sheetjs (C) 2013-present SheetJS -- https://sheetjs.com */
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/* vim: set ts=2: */
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import com.sheetjs.SheetJS;
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import com.sheetjs.SheetJSFile;
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import com.sheetjs.SheetJSSheet;
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public class SheetJSRhino {
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public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
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try {
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SheetJS sjs = new SheetJS();
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/* open file */
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SheetJSFile xl = sjs.read_file(args[0]);
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/* get sheetnames */
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String[] sheetnames = xl.get_sheet_names();
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System.err.println(sheetnames[0]);
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/* convert to CSV */
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SheetJSSheet sheet = xl.get_sheet(0);
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String csv = sheet.get_csv();
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System.out.println(csv);
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} catch(Exception e) {
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throw e;
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} finally {
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SheetJS.close();
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}
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}
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}
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```
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3) Assemble `SheetJS.jar` from the demo code:
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```bash
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javac -cp .:rhino.jar SheetJSRhino.java
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jar -cf SheetJS.jar SheetJSRhino.class com/sheetjs/*.class
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```
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4) Download <https://sheetjs.com/pres.xlsx> and test:
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```bash
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java -cp .:SheetJS.jar:rhino.jar SheetJSRhino pres.xlsx
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```
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</details>
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This demo has been moved [to a dedicated page](/docs/demos/engines/rhino).
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## Legacy Engines
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@ -129,6 +129,25 @@ async function fetch_workbook_and_error_on_404(url) {
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}
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```
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#### Cloudflare Worker "Error: Script startup exceeded CPU time limit."
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This may show up in projects with many dependencies. The official workaround is
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dynamic `import`. For example:
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```ts
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export default {
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async fetch(request: Request, env: Env, ctx: ExecutionContext): Promise<Response> {
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// highlight-next-line
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const XLSX = await import("xlsx"); // dynamic import
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const wb = XLSX.read("abc\n123", {type: "string"});
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const buf = XLSX.write(wb, {type: "buffer", bookType: "xlsb"});
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const response = new Response(buf);
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response.headers.set("Content-Disposition", 'attachment; filename="cf.xlsb"');
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return response;
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},
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};
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```
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#### SCRIPT5022: DataCloneError
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IE10 does not properly support `Transferable`.
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@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
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#!/usr/bin/env perl
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# SheetJE.pl (c) SheetJS LLC -- https://sheetjs.com
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use JE;
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use File::Slurp;
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use MIME::Base64 qw( encode_base64 );
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## Initialize
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say STDERR "Initializing Engine";
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my $je = new JE;
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$je->eval("var global = (function(){ return this; }).call(null);");
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$je->eval(<<'EOF');
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Number.prototype.charCodeAt = function(n) { return this + 48; };
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var string = ""; for(var i = 0; i < 256; ++i) string += String.fromCharCode(i);
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String.prototype.charCodeAt = function(n) {
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var result = string.indexOf(this.charAt(n));
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if(result == -1) throw this.charAt(n);
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return result;
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};
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String.prototype.old_match = String.prototype.match;
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String.prototype.match = function(p) {
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var result = this.old_match(p);
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return (Array.isArray(result) && result.length == 0) ? null : result;
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};
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EOF
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## Load SheetJS source
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say STDERR "Loading SheetJS Library";
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my $src = read_file('xlsx.extendscript.js', { binmode => ':raw' });
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$src =~ s/^\xEF\xBB\xBF//;
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my $XLSX = $je->eval($src);
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## Set up conversion method
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$je->eval(<<'EOF');
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function sheetjsparse(data) { try {
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return XLSX.read(String(data), {type: "base64", WTF:1});
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} catch(e) { return String(e); } }
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function sheetjscsv(wb) { try {
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var ws = wb.Sheets[wb.SheetNames[0]];
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return XLSX.utils.sheet_to_csv(ws);
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} catch(e) { return String(e); } }
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function sheetjswrite(wb) { try {
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return XLSX.write(wb, { WTF:1, bookType: "fods", type: "string" });
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} catch(e) { return String(e); } }
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EOF
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## Read file
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say STDERR "Parsing " . $ARGV[0];
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my $raw_data = encode_base64(read_file($ARGV[0], { binmode => ':raw' }), "");
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$workbook = $je->method(sheetjsparse => $raw_data);
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## Convert to CSV
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say STDERR "Converting to CSV";
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my $csv_data = $je->method(sheetjscsv => $workbook);
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print $csv_data;
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## Write to SheetJE.fods
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say STDERR "Writing to SheetJE.fods";
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my $fods = $je->method(sheetjswrite => $workbook);
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write_file("SheetJE.fods", $fods);
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