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# iWork 2013+
This covers the standalone ZIP-based format. iCloud uses a different format to
support differential sync between devices.
There are three different styles of iWork files:
1) The macOS applications generate ZIP files which contain the metadata and
special `.iwa` files which hold the file data.
2) iCloud persistence on macOS is a folder based structure containing an
`Index.zip` file which is "similar" to the macOS standalone file structure.
3) [The web iCloud editors](https://icloud.com) export ZIP files which contain
an `Index.zip` file similar to iCloud persistence. Note that this is literally
a ZIP file within a ZIP file
The `Index.zip` file has an identical structure to an actual file generated by
the macOS applications, so the discussion is applicable to all file styles.
The ZIP container holds a number of Mac binary "property list" files (`.plist`)
which can be safely ignored or blanked. It also can hold preview images that
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## File Structure
The `.numbers` file is a ZIP file containing a number of `.iwa` entries. The
primary entrypoint is `/Index/Document.iwa`.
The iWork file (`.KEY`, `.NUMBERS`, `.PAGES`) is a ZIP file containing a number
of `.iwa` entries. The primary entrypoint is `/Index/Document.iwa`.
`TSPersistence.framework` handles the byte-level operations for the files.
@ -242,7 +254,7 @@ The cell type is stored at byte offset 2:
All three file types use the same message tag (1) for the root `DocumentArchive`
message. However, the required fields vary between formats.
In the 11.2 apps, the required fields are:
In the 12.1 apps, the required fields are:
```proto
// Keynote optional fields 4
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required .TSP.Reference show = 2;
}
// Numbers optional fields 1, 3, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12
// Numbers optional fields 1, 3, 7, 9, 10 - 12
message .TN.DocumentArchive {
required .TSA.DocumentArchive super = 8;
required .TSP.Reference stylesheet = 4;
@ -259,7 +271,7 @@ message .TN.DocumentArchive {
required .TSP.Reference theme = 6;
}
// Pages optional fields 2 - 7, 11 - 14, 16, 17, 20, 21, 30 - 49
// Pages optional fields 2 - 7, 11 - 14, 16, 17, 20, 21, 30 - 50
message .TP.DocumentArchive {
required .TSA.DocumentArchive super = 15;
}